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The regulations regarding the use of prisoners in research have not changed since 1978, but the research communitys awareness and perception of these have changed. As a result its a good idea for IRBs to update policies regarding such research.
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IRBs and institutions might take away two important thoughts from the NIHs recent experience: First, it doesnt take more than the appearance of a conflict to harm ones reputation. Secondly, some of the measures NIH has taken in response might guide institutions in their own conflict of interest (COI) policy-making.
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The bivalent HPV vaccine was efficacious in prevention of incident and persistent cervical infections with HPV-16 and HPV-18, and associated cytological abnormalities and lesions. Vaccination against such infections could substantially reduce incidence of cervical cancer.
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Cantor and Baum, lawyers from the Yale University School of Medicine, have written an op-ed piece in the New England Journal of Medicine focusing on the central role of pharmacists in providing emergency contraception.
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GEMINI Trial; CAMELOT Trial; INVEST Trial; The Dangers of Vitamin E; FDA Actions.
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Raloxifene treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis is associated with a lower incidence of estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer.
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This study demonstrates that a sequential screening program that provides patients with first-trimester results and offers the option for early invasive testing or additional serum screening in the second trimester can detect 98% of trisomy 21-affected pregnancies. However, such an approach will result in 17% of patients being considered at risk and, hence, potentially having an invasive test.
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Abdominal fat increases with advancing age and has been linked to increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. While insufficient exercise and overeating certainly contribute to age-related acquisition of abdominal fat, hormonal and metabolic factors also have been implicated. Even thin individuals who exercise regularly display increased abdominal fat as they age.
